There are two main ways of injecting nitrous oxide into the engine, but each has the same goal of increasing density and forcing more power out of an engine, whether it be a gasoline engine or a diesel-powered one. More air = burning more fuel = more power. When the liquid nitrous is released from the canister and expands into a gas, it cools and thus becomes denser, and once in the combustion chamber, the oxygen splits from the nitrogen allowing for more fuel and preventing premature detonation. Essentially, the basic reason to inject nitrous oxide is to increase the amount of oxygen in the combustion chamber, allowing for more fuel. This cools the intake air and increases density, resulting in more power and a higher rate of combustion. Various methods are available, but the basic principle is to inject the nitrous oxide into some area of the intake system, or directly into the combustion chamber. Turbocharger technology soon overtook nitrous systems as the preferred method of increasing air density, but as drag racing started to really take off in the 1950s, nitrous was again explored as a means of boosting cars' performance. Its earliest uses were as an anesthetic before German engineers in World War II used it to enhance the performance of airplanes at high altitudes. Now that we know what it is, how does nitrous oxide work? Well, if you're a dentist, you'll know that nitrous oxide is commonly referred to as laughing gas. As a result, it can produce more power than your typical gas and oxygen mix, which is exactly what those who add nitrous to their cars want. The oxygen only splits from the nitrogen once it gets to the heat of the engine, which means that said oxygen is very dense and that it can be injected into the intake or the combustion chamber without any risk of pre-detonation. It is stored in liquid form and released as a gas under high pressure. Nitrous injection is a form of forced induction like turbocharging or supercharging. Other brand names include Nitrous Express (NX) and ZEX - but these are all the same thing. Many people refer to it as NOS (an acronym for Nitrous Oxide Systems), but this is actually the brand name of a company, much like many people refer to tissues as Kleenex. Two particles of nitrogen for every particle of oxygen give nitrous oxide the chemical formula of N2O. Nitrous oxide, commonly called NOS, is a gas discovered in 1773 that is highly flammable - much more so than regular gasoline.

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